Global Rice News

Water Shortages in Iraq Threaten Rice Cultivation and Agricultural Legacy

The effects of severe water shortages in Iraq have devastated the country’s agricultural sector, particularly the cultivation of anbar rice, a signature crop. Salah Fareeq Al-Feroun, a farmer in Najaf Province, has been unable to cultivate his 32-acre farm due to the drying up of water sources. Climate change and geopolitical factors contribute to the water shortages experienced in the region. The Iraqi government has banned farmers from cultivating anbar rice over the past two years due to its water-intensive nature. As a result, Iraq has resorted to importing rice from countries like Iran, Pakistan, and India.

The water shortages have had a significant impact on farmers like Al-Feroun, who used to grow rice in the summer and wheat in the winter. Anbar rice, which has a unique fragrance and taste, is now inaccessible to many Iraqis. The limited collection of anbar rice in certain areas is done to preserve the seeds for future cultivation.

The drying up of Iraq’s main rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, is a major concern. Climate journalist Achref Chibani attributes the water shortages to climate change and poor governance. Rising temperatures in Iraq, reaching nearly 122 degrees Fahrenheit, combined with persistent drought, have contributed to the crisis. Additionally, neighboring Turkey’s droughts and construction projects, including dam-building along the rivers, have impacted the water supply in Iraq.

Addressing the water crisis requires international collaboration. Al-Feroun, who served as an agricultural teacher, believes that serious conversations need to take place between the Iraqi government, Turkey, and international organizations like the United Nations and Arab League to ensure fair water-sharing agreements. The absence of assistance from the government to compensate farmers for their losses further worsens the situation.

The impact of the water crisis extends beyond farming; it poses a threat to Iraq’s agricultural legacy and cultural practices. Anbar rice, with its distinct fragrance and taste, holds significant cultural and culinary value for Iraqis. Reviving and safeguarding rice cultivation is crucial for maintaining the country’s agricultural traditions.

Imported Rice and Changing Tastes

Due to the ban on anbar rice cultivation, Iraq has turned to imports from Iran, Pakistan, and India. While the imported rice serves as a substitute, its taste differs from anbar rice. The usual five varieties of anbar rice have narrowed down to two, and prices have more than doubled. Pakistani Basmati rice has become a popular choice among Iraqis.

The decline in anbar rice availability raises concerns about preserving Iraqi culinary traditions and agricultural diversity. Anbar rice’s distinct qualities and fragrance have been a staple in Iraqi cuisine for generations, enjoyed with every meal. Iraqis hope for a resolution to the water crisis, allowing them to restore their agricultural practices and ensure the availability of anbar rice for future generations.

Preserving Anbar Rice and Iraq’s Agricultural Heritage

Resolving the water crisis and protecting Iraq’s agricultural legacy require concerted efforts from all stakeholders. Cooperation between the Iraqi government, Turkey, and international organizations is vital in finding sustainable solutions. Recognizing the impact of climate change and addressing regional water-sharing agreements is crucial.

The global community should also support local initiatives that focus on preserving anbar rice and promoting sustainable farming practices in Iraq. Collaborative efforts can help safeguard the cultural and culinary heritage tied to anbar rice and secure a better future for Iraqi farmers.

Source: The World