Global Rice News

32% of World Population Exposed to Unsafe Levels of Arsenic in Food and Water

A new study conducted by researchers at the University of Sheffield has found that approximately 32% of the world’s population lives in countries that do not adhere to international exposure limits for arsenic in food and water. Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that can be highly toxic to humans in both high and low doses. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set limits on the amount of arsenic permissible in drinking water, but many countries do not follow these guidelines, putting their citizens at risk.

Arsenic limits are of particular importance in Asian countries like China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, and Nepal, where rice is a staple food. Food and water are the main sources of human exposure to arsenic, with contaminated water often used in crop irrigation and food preparation.

Lead researcher Dr. Manoj Menon explains, “Rice is one of the major cereal crops in the world, contributing to the dietary energy and nutrition of more than half of the world’s population. We already know that rice has more arsenic than other cereals, and the risk is exacerbated if we cook rice with arsenic-contaminated water above the WHO recommended limit.”

The study evaluated the exposure risks to the Bangladesh population, where rice consumption is particularly high, and found that nearly all age groups are at significant risk. The researchers recommend that countries with high rice consumption rates urgently develop measures to provide arsenic-safe water for domestic use.

Previous studies have shown that cooking rice using certain methods can reduce the amount of arsenic present. The researchers tested white and brown rice using different cooking methods and found that the excess water method, which involves draining excess water during cooking, is the most effective at reducing arsenic levels.

While it is unrealistic to completely avoid arsenic, the researchers recommend minimizing exposure through cooking methods and selecting rice varieties that absorb less arsenic. They stress the importance of implementing regulations and testing for water supplies to ensure access to clean water for all.

Reducing Arsenic Exposure in Daily Life

Arsenic exposure is a public health concern, with the most common sources being food and water. While the average person in the Western world may not be at high risk of arsenic poisoning, it is still important to be mindful of exposure. In Asia, contaminated drinking water is a more likely source of arsenic exposure than rice.

However, there are steps individuals can take to reduce their exposure to arsenic. The researchers recommend using the excess water method when cooking rice, as this can significantly reduce the level of arsenic present. Additionally, swapping brown rice for white rice can also help, as brown rice generally contains more arsenic.

It is important to note that in countries with strong regulatory practices, such as many Western nations and some Asian countries, there is no need to be overly worried about arsenic in rice. Contaminated water and industrial exposure are more likely sources of arsenic. Awareness of potential sources of exposure is key, and individuals can make informed choices to minimize their risk.

Source: Study Finds